Skema Rangkaian Indikator Ketinggian Air

Skema Rangkaian Indikator Ketinggian Air

By means of a Relay, employed to drive a water pump, this circuit provides automatic level control of a water reservoir or well.

Skema Rangkaian Indikator Ketinggian Air

Note:

• The two steel rods must be supported by a small insulated (wooden or plastic) board.
• The circuit can be used also with non-metal tanks, provided a third steel rod having about the same height of the tank will be added and connected to the circuit's negative ground.

The shorter steel rod is the "water high" sensor, whereas the longer is the "water low" sensor. When the water level is below both sensors, IC1C output (pin #10) is low; if the water becomes in contact with the longer sensor the output remains low until the shorter sensor is reached. At this point IC1C output goes high, Q1 conducts, the Relay is energized and the pump starts operating.

Now, the water level begins to decrease and the shorter sensor will be no longer in contact with the water, but IC1C output will be hold high by the signal return to pin #5 of IC1B, so the pump will continue its operation. But when the water level falls below the longer sensor, IC1C output goes low and the pump will stop.

SW1 is optional and was added to provide reverse operation. Switching SW1 in order to connect R3 to pin #11 of IC1D, the pump will operate when the reservoir is nearly empty and will stop when the reservoir is full. In this case, the pump will be used to fill the reservoir and not to empty it as in the default operating mode.

List Component

• R1,R2: 15K 1/4W Resistors
• R3: 10K 1/4W Resistor
• R4: 1K 1/4W Resistor
• D1: LED
• D2: 1N4148 Diode
• IC1: 4001
• Q1: BC337 NPN Transistor
• SW1: witch
• RL1: Relay with SPDT 2A @ 230V switch, Coil Voltage 12V

Read More

Rangkaian Level Air

Gambar 1. Skema Rangkaian Level Air

Rakaian level air adalah rangkaian elektronika yang berfungsi untuk mendeteksi tingkat ketinggian air yang mana pada level tertentu akan menghidupkan pompa air secara otomatis. Sehingga dengan bantuan alat ini anda tidak perlu sibuk untuk menyalakan atau mematikan pompa air pada saat penampungan penuh ataupun kosong. Mungkin kalau hanya
untuk keperluan rumah tangga skala kecil, rangkaian level air ini tidak terlalu berguna. Tetapi jika untuk keperluan yang lebih besar seperti industri rumah tangga dan pabrik-pabrik skala besar maka alat ini akan menjamin ketersediaan supply air kapanpun dibutuhkan. Hal ini karena bak penampungan ataupun tedmont akan selalu berada pada posisi yang selalu tersedia air.

Prinsip kerja dari rangkaian level air ini cukup sederhana yakni mengkondisikan supaya air selalu tersedia didalam bak penampungan dengan menyalakan pompa pada saat air akan habis dan mematikan pompa pada saat bak penampungan telah penuh. Tugas untuk mengetahui posisi air di dalam penampungan adalah dilakukan oleh 4 buah kawat level sebagai sensor (pada gambar 2). Ke-empat kawat tersebut diposisikan bertingkat dari yang berada mendekati dasar penampungan hingga pada posisi teratas. 

 

Gambar 2. Kawat Probe

Komponen yang dibutuhkan untuk rangkaian level air atau pompa air otomatis :

Resistor :

R1 : 100K

R2 : 100K

R3 : 100K

R4 : 2,2K

R5 : 2,2K

R6 : 2,2K

R7 : 10K

R8 : 100K

R9 : 1 K

R10 : 10K

R11 : 220 Ohm

R12 : 220 Ohm

R13 : 4,7 K

Kapasitor :

C1 : 0,01 uf

C2 : 100 uf

Transistor :

Q1 sd Q4 : BC 546

Q5 & Q6 : PN 2222

Dioda :

D4 : IN4007

Led : D1 sd D4

Integrated Circuit

IC NE555

Relay 9 volt 

Pompa Air

Catatan :

• Power Supply yang digunakan adalah DC 12 Volt
• Probe dibuat dengan menggunakan 4 utas kawat ( kawat : A, B, C dan D )
• Pompa air sesuai kebutuhan
• Relay 9v atau 12v yang digunakan hendaknya mempunyai dispasi daya yang cukup untuk mensaklarkan besarnya arus motor listrik jala2 PLN 220 Vac.

Read More

Water Level Indicator (Indikator Level Air)

This circuit not only indicates the amount of water present in the overhead tank but also gives an alarm when the tank is full.
The circuit uses the widely available CD4066, bilateral switch CMOS IC to indicate the water level through LEDs.


When the water is empty the wires in the tank are open circuited and the 180K resistors pulls the switch low
hence opening the switch and LEDs are OFF. As the water starts filling up, first the wire in the tank connected to S1 and the + supply are shorted by water. This closes the switch S1 and turns the LED1 ON. As the water continues to fill the tank, the LEDs2 , 3 and 4 light up gradually.
The no. of levels of indication can be increased to 8 if 2 CD4066 ICs are used in a similar fashion.

When the water is full, the base of the transistor BC148 is pulled high by the water and this saturates the transistor, turning the buzzer ON. The SPST switch has to be opened to turn the buzzer OFF.
Remember to turn the switch ON while pumping water otherwise the buzzer will not sound!


Rangkaian ini cukup sederhana dan murah tapi sangat bermanfaat ketika kita ingin mengetahui level air di tabung penampungan dan ketika air sudah penuh maka buzzer pun berbunyi utk mengingatkan kita..

Read More

Indikator Ketinggian Air With Seven Segmen

Skema Rangkaian Indikator Ketinggian Air

Indikator ketinggian air utk tabung are based upon the number of LEDs that glow to indicate the corresponding level of water in the container. Here we present a digital version of the water-level indicator. It uses a 7-segment display to show the water level in numeric form from'0' to '9.' The circuit works off 5V regulated power supply. It is built around priority encoder IC 74HC147 (IC1), BCD-to-7-segment decoder IC CD4511 (IC2), 7-segment display LTS543 (DIS1) and a few discrete components. Due to high input impedance, IC1 senses water in the container from its nine input terminals. The inputs are connected to +5V via 560-kilo-ohm resistors.
The ground terminal of the sensor must be kept at the bottom of the container (tank). IC 74HC147 has nine active-low inputs and converts the active input into active-low BCD output. The input L-9 has the highest priority. The outputs of IC1 (A, B, C and D) are fed to IC2 via transistors T1 through T4. This logic inverter is used to convert the active-low output of IC1 into active-high for IC2. The BCD code received by IC2 is shown on 7-segment display LTS543. Resistors R18 through R24 limit the current through the display.

When the tank is empty, all the inputs of IC1 remain high. As a result, its output also remains high, making all the inputs of IC2 low. Display LTS543 at this stage shows ' 0, ' which means the tank is empty. Similarly, when the water level reaches L-1 position, the display shows '1, 'and when the water level reaches L-8 position, the display shows '8.' Finally, when the tank is full, all the inputs of IC1 become low and its output goes low to make all the inputs of IC2 high. Display LTS543 now shows '9,' which means the tank is full. Assemble the circuit on a general-purpose PCB and enclose in a box. Mount 7-segment LTS543 on the front panel of the box. For sensors L-1 though L-9 and ground, use corrosion-free conductive-metal (stainless-steel) strips.

Read More