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Showing posts with label Dioda. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Dioda. Show all posts

Thursday, March 22, 2012

Photodioda (Dioda Foto)

 Photodioda BPW41N
Photodioda BPW41N
Photodioda often used as a catcher of light waves emitted by the Infrared. The amount of voltage or electrical current generated by the size depends photodioda radiation emitted by the infrared.

Photodiodes made from semiconductors with a popular material is silicon or gallium arsenide, and others include InSb, Carbuncle, PbSe. This Photodioda (BPW41N) can detect infrared light with wavelengths ranging from 800 to 1100 nm with a peak sensitivity at 950 nm wavelength as shown in the picture below


Kurva karakteristik photodioda BPW41N
Kurva karakteristik photodioda BPW41N


When a photon (a unit of light energy) from the light source is absorbed, it is generating an electron and produces a single pair of charge carriers, an electron and a hole where a hole is part of the semiconductor lattice is losing electrons. The direction of current through a semiconductor is opposite to the motion of charge carriers. I was in a Photodiode used to collect photons - causing charge carriers (such as current or voltage) flows / formed in the electrode parts.


Rangkaian Penkondisi Sinyal dari Photodioda

This circuit is used as a current-to-voltage converter by a factor of 1000 times (set by R3) due to backflow photodioda range from 1 to 100 UA the output of U1A is ranged from -1 to -100 mV. Negative voltage is then amplified again by the inverting amplifier circuit to the value corresponding to the input level of need, amount of reinforcement is done by adjusting the value potensimeter R1.

Dioda Zener

Phenomena tegangan breakdown dioda ini mengilhami pembuatan komponen elektronika lainnya yang dinamakan zener. Sebenarnya tidak ada perbedaan sruktur dasar dari zener, melainkan mirip dengan dioda. Tetapi dengan memberi jumlah doping yang lebih banyak pada sambungan P dan N, ternyata tegangan breakdown dioda bisa makin cepat tercapai. Jika pada dioda biasanya baru terjadi breakdown pada tegangan ratusan volt, pada zener bisa terjadi pada angka puluhan dan satuan volt. Di datasheet ada zener yang memiliki tegangan Vz sebesar 1.5 volt, 3.5 volt dan sebagainya.
Simbol Zener
Ini adalah karakteristik zener yang unik. Jika dioda bekerja pada bias maju maka zener biasanya berguna pada bias negatif (reverse bias).

Dioda

Komponen elektronik yang berfungsi sebagai alat untuk membatasi arah pergerakan arus listrik, dimana dioda hanya mengijinkan arus listrik untuk mengalir ke satu arah saja dan menghalangi aliran ke arah yang berlawanan.

Gambar fisik dioda

Pada dioda, kita mengenal istilah potensial barrier yaitu beda potensial pada persambungan. Beda potensial ini menjadi cukup besar untuk menghalangi proses penyebaran difusi selanjutnya dari elektron-elektron bebas. Pada suhu ruangan potensial barrier bekerja sekitar 0,7 Volt untuk Silikon dan 0,3 Volt untuk Germanium.

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